GuidesBecome a Validator
Security checklist
Follow these before you register — most are one-time hardening steps.
Keys (most important)
- Your validator signing key and VRF seed are generated ON the node itself at first boot. Never copy, paste, transport, or reuse a private key.
- NEVER run two nodes with the same validator key. Double-signing is equivocation — 5% of your bond is slashed and you are permanently tombstoned (you can never rejoin). One node per key, always. This is the single biggest risk.
- Back up the key files encrypted (e.g.
ageorgpg) off-box; store the passphrase separately. - Keep the operator/withdrawal wallet that holds your 1,000,000 VORD bond in a hardware wallet, separate from the node. The node never needs your withdrawal private key.
Node & OS hardening
- Dedicated server — do not co-host other apps or websites on it.
- Firewall: allow inbound only the BFT gossip port (
9000) and SSH; bind the RPC/admin ports (9002,8545) to127.0.0.1— never expose them publicly. - SSH: key-only authentication; disable password login and root-password login; enable
fail2ban. - Enable unattended security updates; keep the OS minimal.
Reliability
- 16 GB RAM. If swap is 0, add swap or memory alerting — an out-of-memory kill takes the node down silently, and downtime is slashed.
- SSD storage, stable network, static public IP.
- Sync the clock with NTP — BFT consensus is timing-sensitive.
- Run the node under
systemdwith auto-restart; rotate logs.
Monitoring
- Alert on: node process down, block height falling behind the network, and rising missed-slot count.
- Missed slots accrue toward downtime slashing (jail).